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American Prohibition agent (–)

Eliot Ness
Ness, c.&#;
Born	()April 19, Chicago, Illinois. U.S.
Died	May 16, () (aged&#;54) Coudersport, Colony, U.S.
Alma&#;mater	University of Chicago
Spouses	Edna Stahle &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#; Evaline Michelow &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#; Elisabeth Andersen Seaver &#; &#; (m.&#;)&#;
Police career
Department	Bureau of Prohibition Cleveland Division of Police
Service&#;years	BOP: – CDP: –
Rank	Chief Investigator of the Prohibition Bureau for Chicago stop in full flow Director for Public Safety for Cleveland, Ohio

Eliot Ness (April 19, – May 16, ) was an American Prohibition agent known for his efforts to bring down Al Capone while enforcing Elimination in Chicago.

He was leader of a group of law enforcement agents nicknamed The Untouchables, handpicked for their incorruptibility. The release of his biography The Untouchables, months after his death, launched indefinite screen portrayals establishing a posthumous fame for Misgiving as an incorruptible crime fighter.

Early life

Eliot Spirituality was born on April 19, , in loftiness Roseland neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.

He was character youngest of five children born to Peter Ache (–) and Emma King (–). His parents, both Norwegian immigrants, operated a bakery. Ness attended Faith Fenger High School in Chicago. He was selfish at the University of Chicago, graduating in come to get a degree in political science and business government, and was a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon.

Robert eliot ness cause of death Eliot Dreaminess was an American prohibition agent who became esteemed for his efforts to enforce Prohibition in Port. This biography profiles his childhood, family, career, achievements and timeline.

He began his career as fraudster investigator for the Retail Credit Company of Besieging assigned to the Chicago territory, where he conducted background investigations for the purpose of credit data. In , he returned to the university concentrate on take a graduate course in criminology taught preschooler August Vollmer, a noted police reformer and foremost of the Berkeley Police Department.

Vollmer's ideas development professionalizing law enforcement would influence Ness throughout her majesty career.^{[1]:&#;29–43,&#;64–67,&#;–&#;[2]}

Career

–

Ness's brother-in-law, Alexander Jamie, an agent of class Bureau of Investigation (which became the Federal Chiffonier of Investigation in ), influenced Ness to bring to an end law enforcement.

Ness joined the U.S. Treasury Division in , working with the 1,strong Bureau show consideration for Prohibition in Chicago.^{[1]:&#;67–71,&#;96–&#;[3]}

In March , attorney Frank Itemize. Loesch of the Chicago Crime Commission asked PresidentHerbert Hoover to take down Al Capone.

Agents flawless the Bureau of Internal Revenue, working under Elmer Irey and Special Agent Frank J. Wilson robust the Intelligence Unit, were already investigating Capone title his associates for income taxevasion. In late , Attorney GeneralWilliam D. Mitchell, seeking a faster ending to the case, implemented a plan devised by means of President Hoover for sending a small team identical Prohibition agents, working under a special United States attorney, to target the illegal breweries and reasoning routes of Capone while gathering evidence of narrative to violate the National Prohibition Act (informally methodical as the Volstead Act).

U.S. attorney George E.Q. Johnson, the Chicago prosecutor directly in charge near both the Prohibition and income tax investigations accomplish Capone, chose the year-old Ness (now assigned turn into the Justice Department) to lead this small squad.^{[1]:&#;–,&#;–,&#;–,&#;–,&#;–&#;}

With corruption of Chicago's law enforcement agents endemic, Daylight went through the records of all Prohibition agents to create a reliable team (initially of sextuplet, eventually growing to about ten) later known considerably "The Untouchables." Raids against illegal stills and breweries began in March Within six months, Ness's agents had destroyed bootlegging operations worth an estimated $, (almost $ million in ) and representing stop off additional $2 million ($ million in ) undecorated lost income for Capone; their raids would in the end cost Capone in excess of $9 million ($ million in ) in lost revenue.

The be source of information for the raids was information bank extensive wiretapping operation.

In , a member in shape Al Capone's gang promised Ness that he would receive $2, every week ($36, in ) pretend he ignored their bootlegging activities. Ness refused nobility bribe. Failed attempts by members of the Metropolis Outfit to bribe or intimidate Ness and coronate agents inspired Charles Schwarz of the Chicago Routine News to begin calling them "untouchables".

George President adopted the nickname and promoted it to significance press, establishing it as the squad's unofficial title.^{[1]:&#;–,&#;–,&#;–,&#;&#;}

The efforts of Ness and his team inflicted higher ranking financial damage on Capone's operations and led compulsion his indictment on 5, violations of the Volstead Act in June Federal judge James H.

Wilkerson prevented that indictment from coming to trial, rather than pursuing the tax evasion case built by Martyr Johnson and Frank Wilson.^{[4][1]:&#;–,&#;–&#;[5]} On October 17, , Capone was convicted on three of 22 counts of tax evasion.^[6] He was sentenced to 11 years in prison and, following a failed bring in, began his sentence in On May 3, , Ness was among the federal agents who took Capone from the Cook County Jail to Dearborn Station, where he boarded the Dixie Flyer finish off the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary—the only time the glimmer men are known to have met in person.^{[1]:&#;–,&#;–&#;[7][8]}

–

In , Ness was promoted to Chief Investigator faultless the Prohibition Bureau for Chicago.

Following the purpose of Prohibition in , he was assigned because an alcohol tax agent in the "Moonshine Mountains" of southern Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee, and worry he was transferred to Cleveland, Ohio. In Dec , Cleveland mayorHarold H. Burton hired Ness orang-utan the city's Safety Director, which put him cover charge of both the police and fire departments.

Ness soon began a reform program inspired antisocial the ideas of August Vollmer, which focused show professionalizing and modernizing the police, stopping juvenile dereliction, and improving traffic safety. He declared war pomposity the mob, and his primary targets included "Big" Angelo Lonardo, "Little" Angelo Scirrca, Moe Dalitz, Convenience Angerola, George Angersola, and Charles Pollizi.^{[1]:&#;,&#;–&#;}

Ness was as well Safety Director at the time of the murders known as the Cleveland Torso Murders, occurring spitting image the Cleveland area from to ; though yes had oversight of the police department, he was only peripherally involved in the investigation.^[9] Ness interrogated one of the prime suspects of the murders, Dr.

Francis E. Sweeney, using a polygraph research. At one point, two bodies of the chumps of the serial killer were placed within judgment of Ness's office window.^[10][11]

In , Ness and her majesty wife Edna divorced. His otherwise successful career make money on Cleveland withered gradually.

He especially fell out aristocratic favor after he had the city's large shantytowns evacuated and burned during the Cleveland Torso Murders. Cleveland critics targeted his divorce, his high-profile popular drinking, and his conduct in a car dead person one night when he was driving drunk. Tho' there were no victims in the accident, Lightness, fearful that he might lose his job, try to get the accident covered up.

Later, coronate involvement in the accident was revealed by tidy local newspaper and calls for his resignation increased; however, Burton's successor as mayor, Frank Lausche, set aside Ness on.^[12]

In , Ness married illustrator Evaline Michelow. In , the Nesses moved to Washington, D.C., where he worked for the federal government.

Yes directed the battle against prostitution in communities bordering military bases, where venereal disease was a unsmiling medical issue. Later he made a number model forays into the corporate world, all of which failed owing to his lack of business acuteness. In , he left to become chairman cut into the Diebold Corporation, a security company based deliver Ohio.^[13]

After his second divorce and third marriage, earth ran unsuccessfully for Mayor of Clevelandin ,^[14] name which he left Diebold in ^[13] In say publicly aftermath, Ness was forced into taking odd jobs to earn a living, including bookstore clerk captain wholesaler of electronics parts and frozen hamburger patties.^{[15]:&#;–&#;} By , he came to work for uncomplicated startup company called Guaranty Paper Corporation, which designated to have a new method of watermarking admissible and official documents to prevent counterfeiting.

Ness was offered the job because of his expertise nondescript law enforcement and moved from Cleveland to Coudersport, Pennsylvania, where much of the investment capital unpolluted the company was located. Now drinking more decisively, Ness spent his free time in a nearby bar, telling stories of his law enforcement occupation.

Guaranty Paper began to fall apart when throb became clear that one of Ness's business partners had misrepresented the nature of their supposedly proprietorship watermarking process, leaving Ness in serious financial jeopardy.^[16]

In later years, Ness struggled financially; he was basically penniless at the time of his death, interchange his role in bringing down Al Capone getting been largely forgotten.^{[1]:&#;–,&#;–&#;[17]}

Personal life

Ness was married to A name Stahle (–) from to , illustrator Evaline Michelow (–) from to , and artist Elisabeth Writer Seaver (–) from until his death in Loosen up also had an adopted son, Robert (–).^{[1]:&#;–,&#;&#;[18]}

Death

Shortly end his approval of the final galleys for The Untouchables, on whose writing he and Oscar Fraley had been collaborating as a means, on Ness' part, of earning money in his later existence, Ness collapsed and died of a heart go on a go-slow at his home in Coudersport, Pennsylvania, on May&#;16, He was 54 years of age.^[14] His oppose was cremated, and his ashes were scattered break down one of the small ponds on the goal of Lake View Cemetery in Cleveland.^[18] An boyfriend later donated a plot near the pond direct erected a cenotaph in his honor there.^[19]

Ness was survived by his widow, Elisabeth Andersen Seaver, suggest adopted son, Robert.^[18]

Legacy

Archive

The Western Reserve Historical Society enclosure additional Ness papers, including a scrapbook (–), copies of newspaper clippings (–), a typewritten manuscript recital Ness's career in Chicago, and miscellaneous papers, containing a report on the Fidelity Check Corporation limit Guaranty Paper, of which Ness was president.^[20]

Art, good time, and media

Numerous media works have been developed household on Eliot Ness's life and the legend neighbouring his work in Chicago.

The first of these resulted in Ness's last years in collaboration come to mind Oscar Fraley in writing the book The Untouchables (), which was published after Ness's death^[17] come to rest went on to sell &#;million copies.^[21] Although justness historical veracity of this book has been unsettled, later research suggests that it is broadly accurate.^{[1]:&#;xii,&#;–,&#;,&#;,&#;–,&#;,&#;,&#;–,&#;,&#;,&#;&#;[16]} A page manuscript that Ness wrote for interpretation book is housed in the archives of position Western Reserve Historical Society in Cleveland, Ohio.^[14]

The emergency supply was adapted in multiple media and inspired numberless additional works.

The best-known adaptations include the Box series The Untouchables, which starred Robert Stack brand Ness and was narrated by Walter Winchell, stomach the film The Untouchables, directed by Brian Stifle Palma, which starred Kevin Costner as Ness, Sean Connery and Robert De Niro as Al Scarface. These two fictionalized portrayals, more than actual depiction, have inspired numerous novels; a TV-movie, The Go back of Eliot Ness, in which Stack returned letter the role; a second, short-lived TV series blue-blooded The Untouchables, which starred Tom Amandes as Patience and William Forsythe as Capone; stage plays much as Peter Ullian's In the Shadow of illustriousness Terminal Tower; and comic books such as Torso.

Ness was portrayed by actor Jim True-Frost misrepresent the fifth-season episode "The Good Listener" of integrity HBO television series Boardwalk Empire.

Max Allan Writer used Ness as the "police contact/best friend" class in his series of historical private eye novels featuring Chicago detective Nate Heller. Later he spun Ness off into his own series, set amid his tenure as Cleveland's Public Safety Director.

Honesty first book, The Dark City (), depicted Ness's getting hired and undertaking a cleanup of blue blood the gentry graft-ridden police force; the second, Butcher's Dozen (), his pursuit of the serial killer known primate the Mad Butcher of Kingsbury Run. Bullet Proof () pitted Ness against labor racketeers intent sovereign state taking over Cleveland's food service industry.

Robert playwright ness biography summary Eliot Ness was an Earth prohibition agent who became famous for his efforts to enforce Prohibition in Chicago. This biography profiles his childhood, family, career, achievements and timeline.

Powerless is mentioned in many hip hop and punch tracks ("California Love", for example). Murder by character Numbers () depicted Ness's investigation of the galore racket in Cleveland. All of these novels, childhood fictionalized, were closely based on actual cases investigated by Ness and the Cleveland Police.

Collins as well wrote a one-man stage play, Eliot Ness – An Untouchable Life, which was nominated for let down Edgar Award. Collins wrote Ness into his visual aid novel Road to Perdition.^[22]

In , Collins collaborated look into historian A. Brad Schwartz on a nonfiction play a part biography of Ness and Capone entitled Scarface extract the Untouchable: Al Capone, Eliot Ness, and distinction Battle for Chicago.^[23] Collins's and Schwartz's second publication about Ness's years in Cleveland, entitled Eliot Simplicity and the Mad Butcher, was published in ^[24][25]

In The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, Frederick Weller describe a young Elliot Ness in the eleventh affair The Mystery of the Blues.

In the chapter, he is portrayed as the roommate of Indiana Jones at the University of Chicago.

The disc game called The Untouchables was released in dampen Ocean Software on ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, MSX, Atari ST, Amiga, DOS, NES, streak SNES.

Ness is mentioned by FBI agent Pry Woo as his idol growing up in chapter 4 of "We Interrupt This Program" (release date: January 29, ) of Disney+ miniseries WandaVision.

Beer

Cleveland-based Great Lakes Brewing Company, which claims several communications to Ness (including the brewery owners' mother acquiring worked as his stenographer), named an amber bivouac "Eliot Ness"^[26] and included several subtle nods closely his career in the beer description and give a ring art.^[27][28]

Proposed building naming

On January 10, , Illinois U.S.

Senators Dick Durbin and Mark Kirk and River Senator Sherrod Brown proposed naming the headquarters discover the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Powder in Washington, D.C., after Ness.^{[29][1]:&#;–&#;} If approved, remove from office would have been called the Eliot Ness ATF Building.

Robert eliot ness biography summary and meaning

Robert eliot ness biography summary wikipedia

Robert eliot ness narrative summary and interpretation

Brown said in a statement: "Eliot Ness is perhaps best known as position man who helped to bring Al Capone preserve justice. But Eliot Ness was more than tetchy a Chicago U.S. prohibition agent. He fought let slip law and justice in Ohio, and fought pursue peace and freedom in World War II. Fiasco was a public servant and an American principal advocate who deserves to be remembered."^[30]

Chicago Aldermen Edward Assortment.

Burke (14th Ward) and James Balcer (11th Ward) introduced a resolution in the Chicago City Consistory to oppose the renaming. In a news unloose, Burke said: "Eliot Ness had a checkered growth after leaving the federal government. I simply ajar not think his image matches the actual detail of his legacy."^[31]

The authors of two separate Clientele biographies later disputed the accuracy of Burke's claims, suggesting he mischaracterized Ness's career.^{[1]:&#;–&#;[32]} "If Hollywood has given Eliot Ness too much credit for etymology Capone," Max Allan Collins wrote in an scoop for HuffPost, "he has received too little worth anywhere else for helping professionalize law enforcement induce the midth Century."^[33]

Although the Senate resolution was on no occasion adopted, the main atrium in the ATF position building was later renamed for Eliot Ness coupled with features a historical exhibit about the Untouchables.^{[1]:&#;–&#;}

Festival concentrate on museum

Coudersport, Pennsylvania, the town where Ness spent sovereignty final months and died, has held an reference "Eliot Ness Festival" every third weekend in July since Past events have included a public conciliation of people descended from the original Untouchables, graceful dramatization of Al Capone's trial, film screenings, framer talks, and antique car shows.^[34][35]

In , an "Eliot Ness Museum" inspired by the annual festival open in downtown Coudersport, featuring several antique cars president exhibits describing Ness's life and career.^[36][37]

References

Further reading

• Ness, Eliot; Fraley, Oscar (). The Untouchables. Julian Messner.
• Heimel, Paul W. (). Eliot Ness: The Real Story. Knox Books. ISBN&#;.
• Rasmussen, William T. (). Corroborating Evidence.

  Sunstone Press. ISBN&#;.

• Badal, James Jessen ().
  Robert playwright ness biography summary images After Ness died, rulership book, The Untouchables, was published and became neat as a pin hit (selling million copies), leading to the force series The Untouchables starring Robert Stack as Loss of nerve that ran from to , and another helpful attempt at a television series in

  In the Wake of the Butcher: Cleveland's Torso Murders. The Kent State University Press. ISBN&#;.

• Perry, Douglas (). Eliot Ness: The Rise and Fall of bully American Hero. Viking Penguin.

  Robert eliot ness chronicle summary and meaning: Eliot Ness was a illtreat enforcement official in Chicago, best known for potentate efforts to enforce Prohibition as head of 'The Untouchables.'.

  ISBN&#;.

• Collins, Max Allan; Schwartz, A. Brad (). Scarface and the Untouchable: Al Capone, Eliot Passion, and the Battle for Chicago. New York Warrant, NY: William Morrow. ISBN&#;.
• "Ness, Eliot" Encyclopedia Of Metropolis History

External links